Xian筆記-Week17

 Week 17

1. 複習(上週)關節動畫、存讀檔

2. 整學期總複習(每週上課複習)

3. 主題: 攝影機(沒教到，就不教這部分)

4. 期末作品，第18週作業展示

5. Blogger筆記檢查，成績計算

https://hackmd.io/@jsyeh/opengl ///老師的網頁

(1)學期總複習    (我寫重點) 其餘看圖片!

    1. 經典程式碼，茶壺、背景、顏色、視窗

        glutInitWindowSize(500,500)    --> 預設是300*300(期末作品太小了)

        要設正方形，不然長寬比例會跑掉，除非要改到攝影機的程式碼

        glutInitWindowPosition(0,0)     --> 預設在視窗出現在右上角

        

      

#include <GL/glut.h> void display(){ glClearColor( 1,0,0,0);///用來Clear的Color 用紅色 glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); glColor3f( 1,1,0 ); glutSolidTeapot( 0.3 ); glutSwapBuffers(); } int main( int argc, char ** argv ) { glutInit( &argc, argv); glutInitWindowSize(500,500); glutInitWindowPosition(700,200); glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_DOUBLE|GLUT_DEPTH); glutCreateWindow("week17 review"); glutDisplayFunc(display); glutMainLoop(); }

    2. 打光

                    const GLfloat light_position[] = { 2.0f, 5.0f, 5.0f, 0.0f };

    改成>>const GLfloat light_position[] = { 2.0f, 5.0f, -5.0f, 0.0f };

       原本的程式碼是背光的，改了才是正向光

        

        glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST); 3D測試要打開，才會變3D，沒打開會是亂的(依照你的程式順序)

        

  #include <GL/glut.h>

void display(){ glClearColor( 1,0,0,0);///用來Clear的Color 用紅色 glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); glColor3f( 1,1,0 ); glutSolidTeapot( 0.3 ); glutSwapBuffers(); } const GLfloat light_ambient[] = { 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f }; const GLfloat light_diffuse[] = { 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f }; const GLfloat light_specular[] = { 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f }; const GLfloat light_position[] = { 2.0f, 5.0f, -5.0f, 0.0f }; const GLfloat mat_ambient[] = { 0.7f, 0.7f, 0.7f, 1.0f }; const GLfloat mat_diffuse[] = { 0.8f, 0.8f, 0.8f, 1.0f }; const GLfloat mat_specular[] = { 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f }; const GLfloat high_shininess[] = { 100.0f }; int main( int argc, char ** argv ) { glutInit( &argc, argv); glutInitWindowSize(300,300); glutInitWindowPosition(700,200); glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_DOUBLE|GLUT_DEPTH); glutCreateWindow("week17 review"); glutDisplayFunc(display);  glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST); glDepthFunc(GL_LESS); glEnable(GL_LIGHT0); glEnable(GL_NORMALIZE); glEnable(GL_COLOR_MATERIAL); glEnable(GL_LIGHTING); glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_AMBIENT, light_ambient); glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_DIFFUSE, light_diffuse); glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_SPECULAR, light_specular); glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_POSITION, light_position); glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT, GL_AMBIENT, mat_ambient); glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT, GL_DIFFUSE, mat_diffuse); glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT, GL_SPECULAR, mat_specular); glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT, GL_SHININESS, high_shininess); glutMainLoop(); 

}      

---------------------------------------------

(2)

    1. T-R-T

    

#include <GL/glut.h> float angle=45; void display(){ glClearColor( 1,0,0,0);///用來Clear的Color 用紅色 glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); glPushMatrix(); glColor3f( 1,1,0 ); glutSolidTeapot( 0.3 );///身體先註解掉身體,只看手臂 glPushMatrix(); glTranslatef(-.3, 0, 0);///(3)再把轉動中的手臂,掛到肩上 glRotatef(angle, 0,0,1);///(2)再轉動它 glTranslatef(-.3, .1, 0);///(1)移動旋轉中心,放正中心 glutSolidTeapot(0.3);///左手臂 glPopMatrix(); glPopMatrix(); glutSwapBuffers(); } const GLfloat light_ambient[] = { 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f }; const GLfloat light_diffuse[] = { 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f }; const GLfloat light_specular[] = { 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f }; const GLfloat light_position[] = { 2.0f, 5.0f, -5.0f, 0.0f }; const GLfloat mat_ambient[] = { 0.7f, 0.7f, 0.7f, 1.0f }; const GLfloat mat_diffuse[] = { 0.8f, 0.8f, 0.8f, 1.0f }; const GLfloat mat_specular[] = { 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f }; const GLfloat high_shininess[] = { 100.0f }; int main( int argc, char ** argv ) { glutInit( &argc, argv); glutInitWindowSize(300,300); glutInitWindowPosition(700,200); glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_DOUBLE|GLUT_DEPTH); glutCreateWindow("week17 review"); glutDisplayFunc(display); glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST); glDepthFunc(GL_LESS); glEnable(GL_LIGHT0); glEnable(GL_NORMALIZE); glEnable(GL_COLOR_MATERIAL); glEnable(GL_LIGHTING); glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_AMBIENT, light_ambient); glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_DIFFUSE, light_diffuse); glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_SPECULAR, light_specular); glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_POSITION, light_position); glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT, GL_AMBIENT, mat_ambient); glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT, GL_DIFFUSE, mat_diffuse); glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT, GL_SPECULAR, mat_specular); glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT, GL_SHININESS, high_shininess); glutMainLoop(); }

2. 利用mouse( )及motion( )，來實現角度轉動，其中理解oldX的用法

    glutPostRedisplay( ); 重畫畫面

float oldX; void mouse(int button, int state, int x, int y){ oldX = x; } void motoin( int x, int y ){ angle += x-oldX; oldX = x;///小心,不要漏掉了 glutPostRedisplay();///重畫畫面 } glutMouseFunc(mouse); glutMotionFunc(motion);

3. 利用keyboard( )來決定改變角度的關節

    Keyboard說要動幾號，motion就動幾號，所以需要angleID變數來讓mation知道要動幾號

#include <GL/glut.h> float angle[20]={};///大括號,表示會自己補0 float oldX=0; int angleID=0; /// angle[angleID] ex. angle[0] angle[1] angle[2] ... void keyboard(unsigned char key, int x, int y){ if(key=='0') angleID=0; if(key=='1') angleID=1; if(key=='2') angleID=2; if(key=='3') angleID=3; if(key=='4') angleID=4; if(key=='5') angleID=5; if(key=='6') angleID=6; }///如果關節很多, 可能要用迴圈來讓程式只要2行 for(int i=0; i<10; i++) ///可能也要用到英文字母 void mouse(int button, int state, int x, int y){ oldX = x; } void motion( int x, int y ){ angle[angleID] += x-oldX; oldX = x;///小心,不要漏掉了 glutPostRedisplay();///重畫畫面 } void display(){ glClearColor( 1,0,0,0);///用來Clear的Color 用紅色 glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); glPushMatrix(); glColor3f( 1,1,0 ); glutSolidTeapot( 0.3 );///身體先註解掉身體,只看手臂 glPushMatrix();///左半邊 glTranslatef(-.3, 0, 0);///(3)再把轉動中的手臂,掛到肩上 glRotatef(angle[0], 0,0,1);///(2)再轉動它 glTranslatef(-.3, .1, 0);///(1)移動旋轉中心,放正中心 glutSolidTeapot(0.3);///左手臂 glPushMatrix(); glTranslatef(-.3, 0, 0);///(3)再把轉動中的手臂,掛到肩上 glRotatef(angle[1], 0,0,1);///(2)再轉動它 glTranslatef(-.3, 0, 0);///(1)移動旋轉中心,放正中心 glutSolidTeapot(0.3);///左手肘 glPopMatrix(); glPopMatrix(); glPushMatrix();///右半邊 glTranslatef(+.3, 0, 0);///(3)再把轉動中的手臂,掛到肩上 glRotatef(angle[2], 0,0,1);///(2)再轉動它 glTranslatef(+.3, .1, 0);///(1)移動旋轉中心,放正中心 glutSolidTeapot(0.3);///右手臂 glPushMatrix(); glTranslatef(+.3, 0, 0);///(3)再把轉動中的手臂,掛到肩上 glRotatef(angle[3], 0,0,1);///(2)再轉動它 glTranslatef(+.3, 0, 0);///(1)移動旋轉中心,放正中心 glutSolidTeapot(0.3);///右手肘 glPopMatrix(); glPopMatrix(); glPopMatrix(); glutSwapBuffers(); } const GLfloat light_ambient[] = { 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f }; const GLfloat light_diffuse[] = { 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f }; const GLfloat light_specular[] = { 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f }; const GLfloat light_position[] = { 2.0f, 5.0f, -5.0f, 0.0f }; const GLfloat mat_ambient[] = { 0.7f, 0.7f, 0.7f, 1.0f }; const GLfloat mat_diffuse[] = { 0.8f, 0.8f, 0.8f, 1.0f }; const GLfloat mat_specular[] = { 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f }; const GLfloat high_shininess[] = { 100.0f }; int main( int argc, char ** argv ) { glutInit( &argc, argv); glutInitWindowSize(300,300); glutInitWindowPosition(700,200); glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_DOUBLE|GLUT_DEPTH); glutCreateWindow("week17 review"); glutKeyboardFunc(keyboard); glutMouseFunc(mouse); glutMotionFunc(motion); glutDisplayFunc(display); glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST); glDepthFunc(GL_LESS); glEnable(GL_LIGHT0); glEnable(GL_NORMALIZE); glEnable(GL_COLOR_MATERIAL); glEnable(GL_LIGHTING); glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_AMBIENT, light_ambient); glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_DIFFUSE, light_diffuse); glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_SPECULAR, light_specular); glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_POSITION, light_position); glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT, GL_AMBIENT, mat_ambient); glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT, GL_DIFFUSE, mat_diffuse); glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT, GL_SPECULAR, mat_specular); glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT, GL_SHININESS, high_shininess); glutMainLoop(); }

(3)

    1. 存讀檔

    

FILE * fout = NULL; FILE * fin = NULL; void keyboard(unsigned char key, int x, int y){ if(key=='s'){///存檔 if( fout==NULL ) fout = fopen("angle.txt", "w+"); for(int i=0; i<20; i++) fprintf(fout, "%.2f ", angle[i]); fprintf(fout, "\n"); printf("save angle.txt\n"); }else if(key=='r'){///讀檔 (不能和存檔同時做,因angle.txt不能開2次) if( fin==NULL ) fin = fopen("angle.txt", "r"); for(int i=0; i<20; i++) fscanf(fin, "%f", &angle[i]); glutPostRedisplay();///重畫畫面 printf("read angle.txt\n"); } }///程式要整個關掉, 程式才會更新到硬碟裡 ///30秒的期末動畫, keyframe應該要差不多有60行 , 在內插

2. 做動畫、alpha內插

float angleOld[20], angleNew[20];

void timer(int t){ glutTimerFunc( 16, timer, t+1); if(t%30==0){ for(int i=0; i<20; i++) angleOld[i] = angleNew[i]; if( fin==NULL ) fin = fopen("angle.txt", "r"); for(int i=0; i<20; i++) fscanf(fin, "%f", &angleNew[i]); printf("read angle.txt\n"); } float alpha = (t%30)/30.0;///介於 0.0 - 1.0 之間 for(int i=0; i<20; i++) angle[i] = alpha*angleNew[i]+(1-alpha)*angleOld[i]; glutPostRedisplay();///重畫畫面 } void keyboard(unsigned char key, int x, int y){ if(key=='p') glutTimerFunc( 0, timer, 0 ); ///一開始的第一個timer if(key=='s'){///存檔 if( fout==NULL ) fout = fopen("angle.txt", "w+"); for(int i=0; i<20; i++) fprintf(fout, "%.2f ", angle[i]); fprintf(fout, "\n"); printf("save angle.txt\n"); }else if(key=='r'){///讀檔 (不能和存檔同時做,因angle.txt不能開2次) if( fin==NULL ) fin = fopen("angle.txt", "r"); for(int i=0; i<20; i++) fscanf(fin, "%f", &angle[i]); glutPostRedisplay();///重畫畫面 printf("read angle.txt\n"); } }///程式要整個關掉, 程式才會更新到硬碟裡 ///30秒的期末動畫, keyframe應該要差不多有60行 , 在內插

--------------------------------------

#include <GL/glut.h> #include <stdio.h> float angle[20]={}, angleOld[20], angleNew[20];///先都設成0;///大括號,表示會自己補0 float oldX=0; int angleID=0; /// angle[angleID] ex. angle[0] angle[1] angle[2] ... FILE * fout = NULL; FILE * fin = NULL; void timer(int t){ glutTimerFunc( 16, timer, t+1); if(t%30==0){ for(int i=0; i<20; i++) angleOld[i] = angleNew[i]; if( fin==NULL ) fin = fopen("angle.txt", "r"); for(int i=0; i<20; i++) fscanf(fin, "%f", &angleNew[i]); printf("read angle.txt\n"); } float alpha = (t%30)/30.0;///介於 0.0 - 1.0 之間 for(int i=0; i<20; i++) angle[i] = alpha*angleNew[i]+(1-alpha)*angleOld[i]; glutPostRedisplay();///重畫畫面 } void keyboard(unsigned char key, int x, int y){ if(key=='0') angleID=0; if(key=='1') angleID=1; if(key=='2') angleID=2; if(key=='3') angleID=3; if(key=='4') angleID=4; if(key=='5') angleID=5; if(key=='6') angleID=6; if(key=='p') glutTimerFunc( 0, timer, 0 ); ///一開始的第一個timer if(key=='s'){///存檔 if( fout==NULL ) fout = fopen("angle.txt", "w+"); for(int i=0; i<20; i++) fprintf(fout, "%.2f ", angle[i]); fprintf(fout, "\n"); printf("save angle.txt\n"); }else if(key=='r'){///讀檔 (不能和存檔同時做,因angle.txt不能開2次) if( fin==NULL ) fin = fopen("angle.txt", "r"); for(int i=0; i<20; i++) fscanf(fin, "%f", &angle[i]); glutPostRedisplay();///重畫畫面 printf("read angle.txt\n"); } }///程式要整個關掉, 程式才會更新到硬碟裡 ///30秒的期末動畫, keyframe應該要差不多有60行 , 在內插 ///如果關節很多( or fclose(fout) ), 可能要用迴圈來讓程式只要2行 for(int i=0; i<10; i++) ///可能也要用到英文字母 void mouse(int button, int state, int x, int y){ oldX = x; } void motion( int x, int y ){ angle[angleID] += x-oldX; oldX = x;///小心,不要漏掉了 glutPostRedisplay();///重畫畫面 } void display(){ glClearColor( 1,0,0,0);///用來Clear的Color 用紅色 glClear(GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT); glPushMatrix(); glColor3f( 1,1,0 ); glutSolidTeapot( 0.3 );///身體先註解掉身體,只看手臂 glPushMatrix();///左半邊 glTranslatef(-.3, 0, 0);///(3)再把轉動中的手臂,掛到肩上 glRotatef(angle[0], 0,0,1);///(2)再轉動它 glTranslatef(-.3, .1, 0);///(1)移動旋轉中心,放正中心 glutSolidTeapot(0.3);///左手臂 glPushMatrix(); glTranslatef(-.3, 0, 0);///(3)再把轉動中的手臂,掛到肩上 glRotatef(angle[1], 0,0,1);///(2)再轉動它 glTranslatef(-.3, 0, 0);///(1)移動旋轉中心,放正中心 glutSolidTeapot(0.3);///左手肘 glPopMatrix(); glPopMatrix(); glPushMatrix();///右半邊 glTranslatef(+.3, 0, 0);///(3)再把轉動中的手臂,掛到肩上 glRotatef(angle[2], 0,0,1);///(2)再轉動它 glTranslatef(+.3, .1, 0);///(1)移動旋轉中心,放正中心 glutSolidTeapot(0.3);///右手臂 glPushMatrix(); glTranslatef(+.3, 0, 0);///(3)再把轉動中的手臂,掛到肩上 glRotatef(angle[3], 0,0,1);///(2)再轉動它 glTranslatef(+.3, 0, 0);///(1)移動旋轉中心,放正中心 glutSolidTeapot(0.3);///右手肘 glPopMatrix(); glPopMatrix(); glPopMatrix(); glutSwapBuffers(); } const GLfloat light_ambient[] = { 0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f }; const GLfloat light_diffuse[] = { 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f }; const GLfloat light_specular[] = { 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f }; const GLfloat light_position[] = { 2.0f, 5.0f, -5.0f, 0.0f }; const GLfloat mat_ambient[] = { 0.7f, 0.7f, 0.7f, 1.0f }; const GLfloat mat_diffuse[] = { 0.8f, 0.8f, 0.8f, 1.0f }; const GLfloat mat_specular[] = { 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f }; const GLfloat high_shininess[] = { 100.0f }; int main( int argc, char ** argv ) { glutInit( &argc, argv); glutInitWindowSize(300,300); glutInitWindowPosition(700,200); glutInitDisplayMode(GLUT_DOUBLE|GLUT_DEPTH); glutCreateWindow("week17 review"); glutKeyboardFunc(keyboard); glutMouseFunc(mouse); glutMotionFunc(motion); glutDisplayFunc(display); glEnable(GL_DEPTH_TEST); glDepthFunc(GL_LESS); glEnable(GL_LIGHT0); glEnable(GL_NORMALIZE); glEnable(GL_COLOR_MATERIAL); glEnable(GL_LIGHTING); glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_AMBIENT, light_ambient); glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_DIFFUSE, light_diffuse); glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_SPECULAR, light_specular); glLightfv(GL_LIGHT0, GL_POSITION, light_position); glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT, GL_AMBIENT, mat_ambient); glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT, GL_DIFFUSE, mat_diffuse); glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT, GL_SPECULAR, mat_specular); glMaterialfv(GL_FRONT, GL_SHININESS, high_shininess); glutMainLoop(); }